Labourers were sent to the tea plantations and other colonial regions. Rural crafts and traditional goods were on the decline. On the other, Mumbai and Chennai developed. During the colonial period there was further decline of cities such as surat and masulipatnam. Our eating, drinking and other habits are influenced by the western way of living e.g. It also changed the whole spectrum in day-to-day life particulary in the urban society. The western education has impacted our social structure to a great extent. (i) Social influence: The process of colonialism brought immense changes in our society. The Census of India Report show this clearly. (vi) Unlike Britain where the impact of industrialisation led to more people moving into urban areas, In India the initial impact of the same British industrialisation led to more people moving into agriculture. (v) From the end of the 19th century, with the installation of mechanised factory industries, some towns became much more heavily populated. When the British took over Indian states, towns like Thanjavur, Dhaka, and Murshidabad lost their courts and, therefore, some of their artisans and court gentry. (iv) This period also saw the further decline of cities such as Surat and Masulipatnam while Bombay and Madras grew. Just as manufacturing boomed in Britain, traditional exports of cotton and silk manufacturing from India declined in the face of Manchester competition. (iii) In India the impact of the very same British industrialisation led to deindustrialisation in some sectors. London was then by far the largest city ever seen in the world, a vast manufacturing, commercial and financial centre at the heart of a still expanding British empire. The capital city, london, was home to about 1.1 million people in 1800 it increased in size to a population of over 7 million with the beginning of the twentieth century. By 1900 this proportion had become 74 per cent. (ii) In 1800, well under 20 per cent of the population lived in towns or cities of more than 10,000 inhabitants. They aften do occur together but not always so.Įxample: (i) For instance in Britain, the first society to undergo industrialisation, was also the earliest to move from being rural to a predominantly urban country.
Therefore, Usually most of the scholars and general people associate urbanisation with industrialisation. In countries or continents where industrialisation takes place, most jobs are to be found and new job opportunities are created due to industrialisation in urban areas. Mutually link between industrialisation and urbanisation: Industrialisation is the most powerful factor in growth and development of urbanisation. We may say that almost western countries are totally urbanised. For example, - When we say that over 90 percent of people in the west live in towns and cities. In such process a very large portion of a country or nation state moves from rural areas to urban areas. (ii) Meaning of Urbanisation: pertaining to development of cities, towns, metrocities is called urbanisation. A prime feature of industrial societies today is that a large majority of the employed population work in factories, offices or shops rather than agriculture. (i) Meaning of industrialisation: Industrialisation refers to the emergence of machine production, based on the use of inanimate power resources like steam or electricity.
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